Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume 16, Issue 7 , Pages 240-245 , October 2006

The Role of Smad3-Dependent TGF-β Signal in Vascular Response to Injury

  • Koutaro Yokote

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Koutaro Yokote, MD, PhD, DMSci, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. Tel: (+81) 43 222 7171x5257; fax: (+81) 43 226 2095.
    • ,
  • Kazuki Kobayashi
    • ,
  • Yasushi Saito

References 

  1. Argmann CA, Van Den Diepstraten CH, Sawyez CG, et al. Transforming growth factor-β1 inhibits macrophage cholesteryl ester accumulation induced by native and oxidized VLDL remnants. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001;21:2011–2018
  2. Arkhurst RJ. TGFβ signaling in health and disease. Nat Genet. 2004;36:790–792
  3. Ashcroft GS, Yang X, Glick AB, et al. Mice lacking Smad3 show accelerated wound healing and an impaired local inflammatory response. Nat Cell Biol. 1999;1:260–266
  4. Blobe GC, Schiemann WP, Lodish HF. Role of transforming growth factor β in human disease. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1350–1358
  5. Cambien F, Ricard S, Troesch A, et al. Polymorphisms of the transforming growth factor-b1 gene in relation to myocardial infarction and blood pressure. Hypertension. 1996;28:881–887
  6. Datto MB, Frederick JP, Pan L, et al. Targeted disruption of Smad3 reveals an essential role in transforming growth factor β-mediated signal transduction. Mol Cell Biol. 1999;19:2495–2504
  7. Feinberg MW, et al. Transforming growth factor-β1 inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell activation is mediated via Smad3. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:16388–16393
  8. Flanders KC. Smad3 as a mediator of the fibrotic response. Int J Exp Pathol. 2004;85:47–64
  9. Fujimoto M, Maezawa Y, Yokote K, et al. Mice lacking Smad3 are protected against streptozotocin-induced diabetic glomerulopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003;305:1002–1007
  10. Galis ZS, Khatri JJ. Matrix metalloproteinases in vascular remodeling and atherogenesis: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Circ Res. 2002;90:251–262
  11. Gamble JR, Khew-Goodall Y, Vadas MA. Transforming growth factor-β inhibits E-selectin expression on human endothelial cells. J Immunol. 1993;150:4494–4503
  12. Gojova A, Brun V, Esposito B, et al. Specific abrogation of transforming growth factor-β signaling in T cells alters atherosclerotic lesion size and composition in mice. Blood. 2003;102:4052–4058
  13. Grainger DJ, Kemp PR, Metcalfe JC, et al. The serum concentration of active transforming growth factor-β is severely depressed in advanced atherosclerosis. Nat Med. 1995;1:74–79
  14. Grainger DJ, Witchell CM, Metcalfe JC. Tamoxifen elevates transforming growth factor-β and suppresses diet-induced formation of lipid lesions in mouse aorta. Nat Med. 1995;1:1067–1073
  15. Grainger DJ, Mosedale DE, Mecalfe JC, Bottinger EP. Dietary fat and reduced level of TGF-β1 acts synergistically to promote activation of the vascular endothelium and formation of lipid lesions. J Cell Sci. 2000;113:2355–2361
  16. Heldin C-H, Miyazono K, ten Dijke P. TGF-β signalling from cell membrane to nucleus through SMAD proteins. Nature. 1997;390:465–471
  17. Ignotz RA, Massagué J. Transforming growth factor-β stimulates the expression of fibronectin and collagen and their incorporation into the extracellular matrix. J Biol Chem. 1986;261:4337–4345
  18. Inoue N, Venema RC, Sayegh HS, et al. Molecular regulation of the bovine endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase by transforming growth factor-β1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995;15:1255–1261
  19. Kanzaki T, Tamura K, Takahashi K, et al. In vivo effect of TGF-β1. Enhanced intimal thickening by administration of TGF-β1 in rabbit arteries injured with a balloon catheter. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995;15:1951–1957
  20. Kingston PA, Sinha S, David A, et al. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of a secreted transforming growth factor-β type II receptor inhibits luminal loss and constrictive remodeling after coronary angioplasty and enhances adventitial collagen deposition. Circulation. 2001;104:2595–2601
  21. Kobayashi K, Yokote K, Fujimoto M, et al. Targeted disruption of TGF-β-Smad3 signaling leads to enhanced neointimal hyperplasia with diminished matrix deposition in response to vascular injury. Circ Res. 2005;96:904–912
  22. Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature. 2002;420:868–874
  23. Lijnen HR, Soloway P, Collen D. Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 impairs arterial neointima formation after vascular injury in mice. Circ Res. 1999;85:1186–1191
  24. Lutgens E, Gijbels M, Smook M, et al. Transforming growth factor-β mediates balance between inflammation and fibrosis during plaque progression. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002;22:975–982
  25. Majesky MW, Lindner V, Twardzik DR, et al. Production of transforming growth factor β1 during repair of arterial injury. J Clin Invest. 1991;88:904–910
  26. Mallat Z, Gojova A, Marchiol-Fournigault C, et al. Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β signaling accelerates atherosclerosis and induces an unstable plaque phenotype in mice. Circ Res. 2001;89:930–934
  27. Massagué J, Chen Y-G. Controlling TGF-β signaling. Genes Dev. 2000;14:627–644
  28. Moustakas A, Heldin C-H. Non-Smad TGF-b signals. J Cell Sci. 2005;118:3573–3584
  29. Nabel EG, Shum L, Pompili VJ. Direct transfer of transforming growth factor β1 gene into arteries stimulates fibrocellular hyperplasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993;90:10759–10763
  30. Nikol S, Isner JM, Pickering JG, et al. Expression of transforming growth factor-β1 is increased in human vascular restenosis lesions. J Clin Invest. 1992;90:1582–1592
  31. Nomura M, Li E. Smad2 role in mesoderm formation, left–right patterning and craniofacial development. Nature. 1998;393:786–790
  32. Owens GK, Geisterfer AA, Yang YW, Komoriya A. Transforming growth factor-β-induced growth inhibition and cellular hypertrophy in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. J Cell Biol. 1988;107:770–774
  33. Roberts AB, Sporn MB. The transforming growth factor-betas. In:  Sporn MB,  Roberts AB editor. Peptide growth factors and their receptors, I. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 1990;p. 419–472
  34. Roberts AB, Piek E, Boettinger EP, et al. Is Smad3 a major player in signal transduction pathways leading to fibrosis?. Chest. 2002;120:43S–47S
  35. Robertson AK, Rudling M, Zhou X, et al. Disruption of TGF-β signaling in T cells accelerates atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest. 2003;112:1342–1350
  36. Schulick AH, Taylor AJ, Zuo W, et al. Overexpression of transforming growth factor β1 in arterial endothelium causes hyperplasia, apoptosis, and cartilaginous metaplasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:6983–6988
  37. Stefoni S, Cianciolo G, Donati G, et al. Low TGF-β1 serum levels are a risk factor for atherosclerosis disease in ESRD patients. Kidney Int. 2002;61:324–335
  38. Uría JA, Jiménez MG, Balbín M, et al. Differential effects of transforming growth factor-β on the expression of collagenase-1 and collagenase-3 in human fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:9769–9777
  39. Waldrip WR, Bikoff EK, Hoodless PA, et al. Smad2 signaling in extraembryonic tissues determines anterior–posterior polarity of the early mouse embryo. Cell. 1998;92:797–808
  40. Westerhausen DR, Hopkins WE, Billadello JJ. Multiple transforming growth factor-β-inducible elements regulate expression of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 gene in Hep G2 cells. J Biol Chem. 1991;266:1092–1100
  41. Wolf YG, Rasmussen LM, Rouslahti E. Antibodies against transforming growth factor-β1 suppresses intimal hyperplasia in a rat model. J Clin Invest. 1994;93:1172–1178
  42. Wolfraim LA, Fernandez TM, Mamura M, et al. Loss of Smad3 in acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:552–559
  43. Yamamoto K, Morishita R, Tomita N, et al. Ribozyme oligonucleotides against transforming growth factor-β inhibited neointimal formation after vascular injury in rat model: potential application of ribozyme strategy to treat cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2000;102:1308–1314
  44. Yang X, Letterio JJ, Lechleider RJ, et al. Targeted disruption of SMAD3 results in impaired mucosal immunity and diminished T cell responsiveness to TGF-β. EMBO J. 1999;18:1280–1291

PII: S1050-1738(06)00071-5

doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2006.04.005

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume 16, Issue 7 , Pages 240-245 , October 2006

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution