Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume 17, Issue 2 , Pages 48-54 , February 2007

Basic Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress and Reactive Oxygen Species in Cardiovascular Injury

  • Christopher A. Papaharalambus
  • ,
  • Kathy K. Griendling

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Kathy K. Griendling, Emory University, Division of Cardiology, 319 WMB, 1639 Pierce Dr., Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Tel.: (+1) 404 727 3364; fax: (+1) 404 727 3585.

References 

  1. Accinni R, Rosina M, Bamonti F, et al. Effects of combined dietary supplementation on oxidative and inflammatory status in dyslipidemic subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2006;16:121–127
  2. Baas AS, Berk BC. Differential activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by H2O2 and O2− in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ Res. 1995;77:29–36
  3. Bauersachs J, Popp R, Hecker M, et al. Nitric oxide attenuates the release of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. Circulation. 1996;94:3341–3347
  4. Berk BC, Abe JI, Min W, et al. Endothelial atheroprotective and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001;947:93–109discussion 109–111
  5. Bleeke T, Zhang H, Madamanchi N, et al. Catecholamine-induced vascular wall growth is dependent on generation of reactive oxygen species. Circ Res. 2004;94:37–45
  6. Boschi D, Tron GC, Lazzarato L, et al. NO-donor phenols: a new class of products endowed with antioxidant and vasodilator properties. J Med Chem. 2006;49:2886–2897
  7. Browatzki M, Larsen D, Pfeiffer CA, et al. Angiotensin II stimulates matrix metalloproteinase secretion in human vascular smooth muscle cells via nuclear factor-kappaB and activator protein 1 in a redox-sensitive manner. J Vasc Res. 2005;42:415–423
  8. Brunt KR, Fenrich KK, Kiani G, et al. Protection of human vascular smooth muscle cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis through functional codependence between HO-1 and AKT. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006;26:2027–2034
  9. Castier Y, Brandes RP, Leseche G, et al. p47phox-dependent NADPH oxidase regulates flow-induced vascular remodeling. Circ Res. 2005;97:533–540
  10. Deng YM, Wu BJ, Witting PK, et al. Probucol protects against smooth muscle cell proliferation by upregulating heme oxygenase-1. Circulation. 2004;110:1855–1860
  11. Deshpande NN, Sorescu D, Seshiah P, et al. Mechanism of hydrogen peroxide-induced cell cycle arrest in vascular smooth muscle. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2002;4:845–854
  12. Duffy SJ, Gokce N, Holbrook M, et al. Treatment of hypertension with ascorbic acid. Lancet. 1999;354:2048–2049
  13. Durand E, Al Haj Zen A, Addad F, et al. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of superoxide dismutase and catalase decreases restenosis after balloon angioplasty. J Vasc Res. 2005;42:255–265
  14. Farquharson CA, Butler R, Hill A, et al. Allopurinol improves endothelial dysfunction in chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2002;106:221–226
  15. Fu X, Kassim SY, Parks WC, et al. Hypochlorous acid oxygenates the cysteine switch domain of pro-matrilysin (MMP-7). A mechanism for matrix metalloproteinase activation and atherosclerotic plaque rupture by myeloperoxidase. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:41279–41287
  16. Gurjar MV, Sharma RV, Bhalla RC. eNOS gene transfer inhibits smooth muscle cell migration and MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19:2871–2877
  17. Hilenski LL, Clempus RE, Quinn MT, et al. Distinct subcellular localizations of Nox1 and Nox4 in vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004;24:677–683
  18. Hodis HN, Mack WJ, LaBree L, et al. Alpha-tocopherol supplementation in healthy individuals reduces low-density lipoprotein oxidation but not atherosclerosis: the Vitamin E Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (VEAPS). Circulation. 2002;106:1453–1459
  19. Hwang J, Saha A, Boo YC, et al. Oscillatory shear stress stimulates endothelial production of O2− from p47phox-dependent NAD(P)H oxidases, leading to monocyte adhesion. J Biol Chem. 2003;278:47291–47298
  20. Johnson C, Galis ZS. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 differentially regulate smooth muscle cell migration and cell-mediated collagen organization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004;24:54–60
  21. Johnson JL, George SJ, Newby AC, et al. Divergent effects of matrix metalloproteinases 3, 7, 9, and 12 on atherosclerotic plaque stability in mouse brachiocephalic arteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:15575–15580
  22. Katakami N, Kaneto H, Hao H, et al. Role of pim-1 in smooth muscle cell proliferation. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:54742–54749
  23. Khatri JJ, Johnson C, Magid R, et al. Vascular oxidant stress enhances progression and angiogenesis of experimental atheroma. Circulation. 2004;109:520–525
  24. Kim S, Iwao H. Stress and vascular responses: mitogen-activated protein kinases and activator protein-1 as promising therapeutic targets of vascular remodeling. J Pharmacol Sci. 2003;91:177–181
  25. Kong G, Lee S, Kim KS. Inhibition of rac1 reduces PDGF-induced reactive oxygen species and proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Korean Med Sci. 2001;16:712–718
  26. Li L, Mamputu JC, Wiernsperger N, et al. Signaling pathways involved in human vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression induced by leptin: inhibitory effect of metformin. Diabetes. 2005;54:2227–2234
  27. Lin SJ, Shyue SK, Liu PL, et al. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of catalase attenuates oxLDL-induced apoptosis in human aortic endothelial cells via AP-1 and C-Jun N-terminal kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004;36:129–139
  28. Lo IC, Shih JM, Jiang MJ. Reactive oxygen species and ERK 1/2 mediate monocyte chemotactic protein-1-stimulated smooth muscle cell migration. J Biomed Sci. 2005;12:377–388
  29. Luchtefeld M, Grote K, Grothusen C, et al. Angiotensin II induces MMP-2 in a p47phox-dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;328:183–188
  30. Madesh M, Hawkins BJ, Milovanova T, et al. Selective role for superoxide in InsP3 receptor-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial apoptosis. J Cell Biol. 2005;170:1079–1090
  31. McGregor GP, Biesalski HK. Rationale and impact of vitamin C in clinical nutrition. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006;9:697–703
  32. Menshikov M, Plekhanova O, Cai H, et al. Urokinase plasminogen activator stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via redox-dependent pathways. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006;26:801–807
  33. Muscoli C, Sacco I, Alecce W, et al. The protective effect of superoxide dismutase mimetic M40401 on balloon injury-related neointima formation: role of the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004;311:44–50
  34. Neri S, Signorelli SS, Torrisi B, et al. Effects of antioxidant supplementation on postprandial oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction: a single-blind, 15-day clinical trial in patients with untreated type 2 diabetes, subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, and healthy controls. Clin Ther. 2005;27:1764–1773
  35. Oka H, Kugiyama K, Doi H, et al. Lysophosphatidylcholine induces urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor in human macrophages partly through redox-sensitive pathway. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20:244–250
  36. Ozumi K, Tasaki H, Takatsu H, et al. Extracellular superoxide dismutase overexpression reduces cuff-induced arterial neointimal formation. Atherosclerosis. 2005;181:55–62
  37. Paravicini TM, Gulluyan LM, Dusting GJ, et al. Increased NADPH oxidase activity, gp91phox expression, and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation during neointima formation in rabbits. Circ Res. 2002;91:54–61
  38. Park HY, Kwon HM, Lim HJ, et al. Potential role of leptin in angiogenesis: leptin induces endothelial cell proliferation and expression of matrix metalloproteinases in vivo and in vitro. Exp Mol Med. 2001;33:95–102
  39. Park J, Ha H, Ahn HJ, et al. Sirolimus inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced collagen synthesis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Transplant Proc. 2005;37:3459–3462
  40. Patterson C, Ruef J, Madamanchi NR, et al. Stimulation of a vascular smooth muscle cell NAD(P)H oxidase by thrombin. Evidence that p47(phox) may participate in forming this oxidase in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:19814–19822
  41. Podmore ID, Griffiths HR, Herbert KE, et al. Vitamin C exhibits pro-oxidant properties. Nature. 1998;392:559
  42. Pollman MJ, Hall JL, Gibbons GH. Determinants of vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis after balloon angioplasty injury. Influence of redox state and cell phenotype. Circ Res. 1999;84:113–121
  43. Rajagopalan S, Meng XP, Ramasamy S, et al. Reactive oxygen species produced by macrophage-derived foam cells regulate the activity of vascular matrix metalloproteinases in vitro. Implications for atherosclerotic plaque stability. J Clin Invest. 1996;98:2572–2579
  44. Rao GN, Katki KA, Madamanchi NR, et al. JunB forms the majority of the AP-1 complex and is a target for redox regulation by receptor tyrosine kinase and G protein-coupled receptor agonists in smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:6003–6010
  45. Rice-Evans C. Flavonoid antioxidants. Curr Med Chem. 2001;8:797–807
  46. Serebruany V, Malinin A, Scott R. The in vitro effects of a novel vascular protectant, AGI-1067, on platelet aggregation and major receptor expression in subjects with multiple risk factors for vascular disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2006;11:191–196
  47. Shin HJ, Oh J, Kang SM, et al. Leptin induces hypertrophy via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;329:18–24
  48. Sorescu D, Weiss D, Lassegue B, et al. Superoxide production and expression of nox family proteins in human atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2002;105:1429–1435
  49. Sorescu GP, Song H, Tressel SL, et al. Bone morphogenic protein 4 produced in endothelial cells by oscillatory shear stress induces monocyte adhesion by stimulating reactive oxygen species production from a nox1-based NADPH oxidase. Circ Res. 2004;95:773–779
  50. Sundaresan M, Yu ZX, Ferrans VJ, et al. Requirement for generation of H2O2 for platelet-derived growth factor signal transduction. Science. 1995;270:296–299
  51. Szocs K, Lassegue B, Sorescu D, et al. Upregulation of Nox-based NAD(P)H oxidases in restenosis after carotid injury. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002;22:21–27
  52. Taylor WR. Hypertensive vascular disease and inflammation: mechanical and humoral mechanisms. Curr Hypertens Rep. 1999;1:96–101
  53. Ten Freyhaus H, Huntgeburth M, Wingler K, et al. Novel Nox inhibitor VAS2870 attenuates PDGF-dependent smooth muscle cell chemotaxis, but not proliferation. Cardiovasc Res. 2006;71:331–341
  54. Vivekananthan DP, Penn MS, Sapp SK, et al. Use of antioxidant vitamins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. 2003;361:2017–2023
  55. Walpola PL, Gotlieb AI, Cybulsky MI, et al. Expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and monocyte adherence in arteries exposed to altered shear stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995;15:2–10
  56. Weber DS, Taniyama Y, Rocic P, et al. Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 and p21-activated protein kinase mediate reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of platelet-derived growth factor-induced smooth muscle cell migration. Circ Res. 2004;94:1219–1226
  57. Weinberg RB, VanderWerken BS, Anderson RA, et al. Pro-oxidant effect of vitamin E in cigarette smokers consuming a high polyunsaturated fat diet. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001;21:1029–1033
  58. Xia Z, Liu M, Wu Y, et al. N-acetylcysteine attenuates TNF-alpha-induced human vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and restores eNOS expression. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006;550:134–142
  59. Zhang H, Chalothorn D, Jackson LF, et al. Transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor mediates catecholamine-induced growth of vascular smooth muscle. Circ Res. 2004;95:989–997

PII: S1050-1738(06)00178-2

doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2006.11.005

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume 17, Issue 2 , Pages 48-54 , February 2007