Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β—Actively Inhibiting Hypertrophy

A number of signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. One that serves as an integrator of upstream inputs, and as a transducer to downstream effectors, is the protein kinase, glycogen synthase kinase-3β. In this work we review the role of this putative “nodal point” in the response of the heart to growth stimuli, both physiologic and pathologic.